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Rough Diamond

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Rough Diamond

The hardest natural material, fresh from deep underground/Geology & Minerals

A typical gem-quality rough diamond is a translucent octahedral crystal about 1 cm across, formed at depths of 150 to 200 km under pressures of about 5 gigapascals and temperatures above 1,300 K. Diamonds are brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions through kimberlite pipes. Despite being the hardest known natural substance (10 on the Mohs scale), diamond can be shattered by a hammer strike along its cleavage plane.

Measurements

Typical diameter1 hundredths m
1.5 hundredthsClarinet lengths
27.8 sextillionthsOrion Nebula diameters
Typical mass (1 carat)200 millionths kg
2.7 octillionthsMoons
2.6 billionthsSpace Shuttle orbiters
3.1 millionthsCouches
Formation pressure5 billion Pa
312,539Blood pressures
125Submarine hull pressures
2.5 millionGentle hugs
Formation temperature1,400 K
4.75Room temperatures
4.49Dog body temperatures
89.2 millionthsSun cores
Formation depth175,000 m
11.7 millionBlueberry diameters
11.7 billionWhite blood cells
5.15English Channel crossings
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