Bananas for Scale
Pachycephalosaurus

Photo from Wikimedia Commons

Pachycephalosaurus

The thick-skulled headbutter of the Cretaceous/Dinosaurs & Extinct Animals

Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis lived about 70 to 66 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous in North America. Its domed skull was up to 25 cm thick, surrounded by bony knobs and short spikes. Whether it actually used its skull for head-butting combat is debated; some scientists suggest the dome was used for flank-butting or display instead. The animal was about 4.5 meters long and weighed roughly 450 kg. It was one of the last non-avian dinosaurs before the mass extinction.

Measurements

Body length4.5 m
18Uncooked spaghetti noodles
509 millionthsMount Everests
55.4 quintillionthsSirius distances
Body mass450 kg
559 billionthsGolden Gate Bridge masses
3.2 thousandthsBlue whales
Skull dome thickness2.5 tenths m
294 millionGlucose molecules
1.7 tenthsBlue whale hearts
13.9 trillionthsLight-minutes
Skull length6 tenths m
2.2 billionWater molecules
149 millionthsCentral Park lengths
4.1 tenthsDanny DeVitos
Hip height1.5 m
326 trillionIron nuclei
39.4Silver dollar diameters
7.89Toothbrushes
Age of fossils2.1 quadrillion s
35.8 trillionMinutes
681 billionMicrocenturies
102 trillionMammal pees

About 68 million years

Browse more in Dinosaurs & Extinct Animals