Bananas for Scale
Vinyl Record (12-inch LP)

Photo from Wikimedia Commons

Vinyl Record (12-inch LP)

Analog audio stored in microscopic grooves/Musical Instruments

A 12-inch vinyl LP record stores about 22 minutes of audio per side in a continuous spiral groove that, if unwound, would stretch about 460 meters. The groove is about 40-80 micrometers wide, and the needle (stylus) vibrates in response to variations as small as 1 micrometer. LPs have outsold CDs every year since 2020, and revenue from vinyl now exceeds $1 billion annually in the US.

Measurements

Diameter3 tenths m
5.1 hundredthsIce cream truck lengths
545 millionSalt crystals

12 inches

Thickness1.8 thousandths m
7.2 thousandthsWrench lengths
1.8 thousandthsTuba heights
5.1 thousandthsViolins

About 1.8 mm (180g pressing)

Weight1.8 tenths kg
1.5 quintillionNuclear pore complexes
563 sextillionCaffeine molecule weights
493 trillionthsEmpire State Building masses

180 g (heavyweight pressing)

Groove total length460 m
511Arming swords
1,533Bread loaves

Per side

Groove width55 millionths m
1.6 thousandthsBanana widths
393 millionthsSunglasses widths
353 millionthsDollar bills

40-80 micrometers

Playback time per side1,320 s
635 quadrillionthsDinosaur extinctions ago
509 millionthsCalendar months
3.7 tenthsLunch breaks

About 22 minutes

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