Transistor (Modern 3nm)

The invisible switch that runs the world/Computing

A modern 3nm transistor has a gate length of about 3 nanometers, roughly the width of 12 silicon atoms. Apple's M3 chip contains about 25 billion of them. Each transistor switches on and off billions of times per second, consuming only a few attowatts per switch. If you scaled one up to the size of a grain of sand, the chip it came from would cover a city. The entire digital age rests on making these smaller.