Bananas for Scale
Hummingbird (Ruby-throated)

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Hummingbird (Ruby-throated)

A flying jewel that beats its wings 53 times per second/Small Animals

The ruby-throated hummingbird is a 3-gram metabolic miracle that crosses the Gulf of Mexico nonstop during migration. Its heart beats over 1,200 times per minute during flight, and it can hover, fly backward, and even fly upside down briefly. At night it enters torpor, dropping its body temperature to save energy.

Measurements

Body mass3 thousandths kg
10 millionthsFull bathtubs
30 billionPlatelet weights
27.3 quintillionHemoglobin molecule weights

About 3 grams

Wingspan1 tenths m
71.8 trillionthsSun diameters
192 millionthsMall of America lengths
1.9 tenthsUkulele lengths

About 10 cm tip to tip

Wingbeat frequency53 Hz
106Pendulum clocks
1.32Popcorn pops
8.8 hundredthsMosquito wingbeats

53 beats per second in normal flight

Heart rate in flight20 Hz
157 millionSeasons
100Sprinkler rotations
4.5 hundredthsConcert A notes

About 1,200 bpm

Forward flight speed12 m/s
1.15Usain Bolts
40Conveyor belts
200Sloths

About 43 km/h

Body length8 hundredths m
8,000Dust particles
5.3 hundredthsBathtub lengths

Bill tip to tail

Gulf of Mexico crossing800,000 m
15.8 millionAA battery lengths
16.7Bahrain lengths
66,667House widths

Nonstop ~800 km over open water

Daily energy expenditure30,000 J
30 octillionWiFi photons
106 sextillionRed photons

About 30 kJ per day

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