Madagascar

The world's fourth-largest island with unparalleled biodiversity/Islands

Madagascar, located off the southeast coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean, is the world's fourth-largest island at 587,041 square kilometers. Having separated from India about 88 million years ago, it has evolved an extraordinary level of endemic biodiversity: roughly 90% of its wildlife is found nowhere else on Earth, including all lemur species, most chameleon species, and over 10,000 endemic plant species. The island has a remarkable diversity of ecosystems, from rainforest in the east to spiny desert in the south.