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Graphene (Single Layer)

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Graphene (Single Layer)

A one-atom-thick material stronger than steel/Scientific Objects

Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, just 0.335 nanometers thick. It is the thinnest material possible, the strongest material ever measured (about 200 times stronger than steel), an excellent conductor of electricity and heat, and nearly transparent. It was first isolated in 2004 by peeling layers off graphite with sticky tape, an achievement that won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010.

Measurements

Thickness335 trillionths m
1.8 billionthsToothbrushes
447 trillionthsHuman strides
18.6 sextillionthsLight-minutes

0.335 nm, one atom thick

Mass per square meter770 millionths kg
3.8 millionthsMotorcycles
77 millionthsBicycles
52.5 trillionthsBrooklyn Bridge masses

0.77 mg per m^2

Tensile strength130 billion Pa
163 millionDraft horses
130 trillionAnt lifts
371 millionAluminum can crushes

130 GPa

Thermal stability (in vacuum)3,273 K
8.94Hot Pocket centers
9.51Car dashboards in summer
6.92Bread ovens

About 3000 degrees C

Electron mobility (effective speed)1 million m/s
33.6Earth orbit speeds
111,111Falling raindrops
14.3 millionBox turtles

Charge carrier velocity

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