Bananas for Scale
Emperor Penguin

Photo by Andre Mouton on Unsplash

Emperor Penguin

The tallest penguin and deepest avian diver on Earth/Small Animals

Emperor penguins breed during the Antarctic winter, enduring temperatures of -60 C and winds of 200 km/h. Males incubate eggs on their feet for over two months without eating, losing nearly half their body mass. They are the deepest-diving birds, plunging over 500 meters below the surface on a single breath.

Measurements

Standing height1.15 m
11.5 billionX-ray wavelengths
2.5 tenthsToyota Corollas
11.9Softball diameters

Tallest of all penguin species

Body mass40 kg
10.3Gallons of milk
400 trillionPlatelet weights

30-45 kg depending on season

Maximum dive depth535 m
2,166iPad heights
11.9Unrolled toilet paper rolls
973 millionGreen light wavelengths

Deepest recorded avian dive

Swimming speed3.6 m/s
2.3 billionTectonic plates
129Ketchup leaving the bottle
5 thousandthsRifle bullets

About 13 km/h

Maximum dive duration1,380 s
57 millionthsHuman pregnancies
33,117Film frames

About 23 minutes on one breath

Egg incubation period5.7 million s
126,720Elevator rides
11,428Light-minutes to Earth
4,752Power naps

About 66 days

Survival temperature213 K
6.5 tenthsClothes dryer temps
6.9 tenthsBody temperatures
6.3 tenthsLaptop surfaces

Survives -60 C Antarctic winters

Tobogganing speed1.7 m/s
5.5 hundredthsHighway cars
5.3 millionGlacial retreat
2.1 tenthsRolled bowling balls

Sliding on belly across ice

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