Bananas for Scale
Bacteriophage T4

Photo from Wikimedia Commons

Bacteriophage T4

A virus that looks like a lunar lander and hunts bacteria/Microscopic Life

Bacteriophage T4 is one of the most studied viruses in molecular biology. It infects E. coli bacteria by landing on them with its spider-like tail fibers, injecting its DNA like a molecular syringe, then hijacking the bacterium's machinery to produce about 200 copies of itself before exploding the host cell open. It looks like a tiny lunar lander designed by H.R. Giger, and it kills more organisms per day than any predator on Earth.

Measurements

Total length200 billionths m
328 billionthsNightstand heights
7.7 sextillionthsLight-days
370 trillionthsOne World Trade Centers

About 200 nanometers

Mass200 sextillionths kg
133 sextillionthsTextbooks
248 nonillionthsGolden Gate Bridge masses
1 sextillionthsMotorcycles

About 200 attograms

Head diameter120 billionths m
19.7 billionthsBoxing ring sides
100 billionthsCoffee table lengths
769 billionthsDollar bills

Icosahedral head, 120 nm

Tail length100 billionths m
49.3 billionthsDoor heights
1,887Bohr radii

About 100 nm

Tail fiber span140 billionths m
10.4 billionthsBadminton courts
1.8 billionthsCity blocks
28.6 billionthsMail truck lengths

Six long tail fibers

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